{"id":148,"date":"2026-07-25T04:00:11","date_gmt":"2026-07-25T02:00:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/start.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/blog\/grundfahraufgaben-klasse-b\/"},"modified":"2026-10-02T13:45:09","modified_gmt":"2026-10-02T11:45:09","slug":"grundfahraufgaben-klasse-b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/tr\/blog\/grundfahraufgaben-klasse-b\/","title":{"rendered":"B s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri: Park etme, geri d\u00f6nerek y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015ftirme, tehlike frenlemesi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fp-rg\">\n<div class=\"fp-rg-kopf\">\n<p class=\"fp-rg-eyebrow\">Rehber \u00b7 Temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri<\/p>\n<p class=\"fp-rg-leitfrage\">B s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 s\u0131nav\u0131nda hangi temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri \u00e7\u0131kar, nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirilir ve bunlar\u0131 nas\u0131l do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rs\u0131n?<\/p>\n<p>Seyirciler \u00f6n\u00fcnde park etmek, dar bir sokakta d\u00f6nmek, komut \u00fczerine ani fren yapmak \u2013 temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri, pratik s\u0131nav\u0131n en \u00e7ok bir \u201eg\u00f6steri\u201c gibi hissettiren k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r. Oysa bunlar s\u0131nav\u0131n en \u00f6nceden planlanabilir k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r: belirli g\u00f6revler, net de\u011ferlendirme kurallar\u0131 ve entegre edilmi\u015f ikinci bir \u015fans. \u0130\u015fte B s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7in eksiksiz genel bak\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n<p class=\"fp-rg-meta\">G\u00fcncelleme: Ekim 2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fp-toc\" style=\"background:#f5f7fa;border-left:4px solid #30b1f8;border-radius:6px;padding:18px 24px;margin:24px 0;\"><strong>Bu rehberin i\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin:10px 0 0;\">\n<li><a href=\"#abschnitt-1\">Temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revlerinin ne oldu\u011fu ve ba\u015ftan s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse en \u00f6nemli kural<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#auf-einen-blick\">Be\u015f temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revi bir bak\u0131\u015fta<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#abschnitt-2\">Paralel park (geriye): en \u00fcst d\u00fczey beceri<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#abschnitt-2b\">Geri geri sa\u011fa k\u00f6\u015fe d\u00f6nme<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#abschnitt-3\">Dikey park: kutuya ileri veya geri giri\u015f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#abschnitt-4\">Geri d\u00f6nme: \u00fc\u00e7 hamlede d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#abschnitt-5\">Acil frenleme: bir kez ger\u00e7ekten g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde fren yapmak<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#abschnitt-6\">Temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri s\u0131navda ne zaman \u00e7\u0131kar?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#abschnitt-7\">Temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revlerini b\u00f6yle do\u011fru \u015fekilde pratik yapars\u0131n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#checkliste\">De\u011ferlendirme kontrol listesi: S\u0131nav g\u00f6revlisinin her g\u00f6revde dikkat ettikleri<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#abschnitt-8\">En yayg\u0131n hatalar ve bunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#abschnitt-9\">Temel S\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f G\u00f6revleri Hakk\u0131nda S\u0131k Sorulan Sorular<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#abschnitt-10\">Sonu\u00e7: T\u00fcm s\u0131nav\u0131n en \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir k\u0131sm\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"abschnitt-1\">Temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revlerinin ne oldu\u011fu ve ba\u015ftan s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse en \u00f6nemli kural<\/h2>\n<p>Temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri, \u015funu yap\u0131p yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol eder: <strong>Arac\u0131 kendin kontrol ediyorsun<\/strong> \u2013 Manevra yapma, fren yapma, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131zda hassas s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f. B s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 pratik s\u0131nav\u0131nda \u015funlar\u0131 yapacaks\u0131n: <strong>\u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6rev<\/strong>: geri s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f grubundan bir g\u00f6rev (geri geri sa\u011fa k\u00f6\u015fe d\u00f6nme veya geri geri paralel park) ve kalan \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6revden iki g\u00f6rev (dik veya e\u011fik park, geri d\u00f6nme, acil frenleme). Hangilerinin olaca\u011f\u0131na s\u0131nav g\u00f6revlisi karar verir. Acil frenlemeyi en az her \u00fc\u00e7 s\u0131navdan birinde yapt\u0131rmak zorundad\u0131r \u2013 yani d\u00fczenli olarak \u00e7\u0131kar, ama her zaman de\u011fil. Ve neredeyse hi\u00e7 kimsenin bilmedi\u011fi, ancak herhangi bir ipucundan daha fazla endi\u015feyi gideren kural: <strong>Her temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revi bir kez tekrarlanabilir.<\/strong> \u0130lk park denemesinin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmas\u0131, sadece bir ara durumdur \u2013 bir yarg\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<div class=\"fp-rg-zahlen\">\n<div><strong>3<\/strong><span>temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revini B s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 s\u0131nav\u0131nda yapars\u0131n.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><strong>1<\/strong><span>tekrar hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r her temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revi i\u00e7in.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><strong>en az 30 km\/s<\/strong><span>acil fren i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 h\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><strong>Zaman s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 yok<\/strong><span>park ederken ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 id=\"auf-einen-blick\">Be\u015f temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revi bir bak\u0131\u015fta<\/h3>\n<div class=\"fp-rg-tabelle\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>G\u00f6rev<\/th>\n<th>Senin s\u0131nav\u0131nda<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Geri geri sa\u011fa k\u00f6\u015fe d\u00f6nme<\/td>\n<td>\u0130ki geri s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revinden biri her zaman gelir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Geri geri paralel park etme<\/td>\n<td>\u0130ki geri s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revinden biri her zaman gelir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dik veya \u00e7apraz park etme<\/td>\n<td>Di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6revden ikisi gelir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Geri d\u00f6nme<\/td>\n<td>Di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6revden ikisi gelir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Acil frenleme<\/td>\n<td>Di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6revden ikisi gelir. Her s\u0131nav g\u00f6revlisi acil frenlemeyi en az \u00fc\u00e7 s\u0131navdan birinde yapt\u0131rmak zorundad\u0131r; yani senin s\u0131nav\u0131nda gelebilir, ama gelmek zorunda de\u011fildir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"fp-rg-meta\">Toplamda \u00fc\u00e7 temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revi yapars\u0131n; hangileri olaca\u011f\u0131na s\u0131nav g\u00f6revlisi karar verir. Dayanak: S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc Belgesi Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi (FeV) Ek 7 No. 2.1.4.2 ve pratik s\u0131nav y\u00f6nergesi.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"abschnitt-2\">Paralel park (geriye): en \u00fcst d\u00fczey beceri<\/h2>\n<p>Yol kenar\u0131ndaki bir park yerine geriye do\u011fru park etmek \u2013 en \u00e7ok korku uyand\u0131ran ve en basit ger\u00e7e\u011fi bar\u0131nd\u0131ran g\u00f6rev: Bu, tamamen <strong>Referans Noktas\u0131 Tekni\u011fi<\/strong>. S\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f e\u011fitmeniniz, direksiyon a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve durma noktalar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak sabit referans noktalar\u0131 (aynalar, cam kenarlar\u0131, ara\u00e7 \u00fczerindeki i\u015faretler) \u00f6\u011fretir \u2013 her denemede ayn\u0131 hareket dizisi uygulan\u0131r. De\u011ferlendirme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli olan: <strong>Y\u00fcr\u00fcme h\u0131z\u0131 tercih edilir<\/strong>, h\u0131z\u0131n alt s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ve s\u00fcre s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 yoktur; <strong>en fazla iki d\u00fczeltme hamlesi yap\u0131labilir<\/strong>; ve i\u015fin yar\u0131s\u0131 da \u015fudur: <strong>Trafik g\u00f6zlemi<\/strong> \u2013 teknik olarak m\u00fckemmel park eden ancak ne omuz bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapan ne de \u00e7evreyi kontrol eden ki\u015fi, g\u00f6revi ge\u00e7ememi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca kald\u0131r\u0131ma her \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f, kald\u0131r\u0131ma 30 cm'den fazla mesafe ve sonunda yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak bile paralel durmayan bir ara\u00e7 da hata say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"fp-rg-bild\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-rueckwaerts-einparken-1024x572.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-rueckwaerts-einparken-768x429.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-rueckwaerts-einparken-1024x572.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-rueckwaerts-einparken.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 820px) 100vw, 780px\" width=\"1024\" height=\"572\" alt=\"Ehliyet aday\u0131 gen\u00e7 kad\u0131n geri geri park ederken omzunun \u00fczerinden arkaya bak\u0131yor, yan\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f e\u011fitmeni\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>Geri geri park etmek bir referans noktas\u0131 tekni\u011fidir: en fazla iki d\u00fczeltme manevras\u0131na izin verilir ve trafi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlemek de de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"abschnitt-2b\">Geri geri sa\u011fa k\u00f6\u015fe d\u00f6nme<\/h2>\n<p>Geri s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f grubunun ikinci g\u00f6revi: Bir yol a\u011fz\u0131nda, kav\u015fakta veya giri\u015fte geri geri sa\u011fa k\u00f6\u015feyi d\u00f6nersin ve kald\u0131r\u0131ma paralel olarak durursun. Kald\u0131r\u0131ma \u00e7\u0131kmadan ve sa\u011fdan gitme kural\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmeden m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca dar bir yay \u00e7izmen beklenir. Son konuma geri geri giderek ula\u015fman gerekir. Park etmede oldu\u011fu gibi en fazla iki d\u00fczeltme hamlesine izin verilir; g\u00f6revden \u00f6nce ve g\u00f6rev s\u0131ras\u0131nda trafik g\u00f6zlemi de de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"abschnitt-3\">Dikey park: kutuya ileri veya geri giri\u015f<\/h2>\n<p>Otopark g\u00f6revi: \u0130\u015faretli bir dik park yerine park etmek \u2013 talimata g\u00f6re ileri veya geri. Geri park etmek, zor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan daha kolay bir se\u00e7enektir (d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f \u00e7ap\u0131 daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, kontrol daha iyi). De\u011ferlendirme, paralel parkta oldu\u011fu gibi yap\u0131l\u0131r: \u0130\u015faretlerin i\u00e7inde son konum, kontroll\u00fc h\u0131z, s\u00fcrekli olarak etraf\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleme. Burada da ge\u00e7erli olan kural: en fazla iki d\u00fczeltme hamlesi.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"abschnitt-4\">Geri d\u00f6nme: \u00fc\u00e7 hamlede d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/h2>\n<p>Dar bir sokakta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yapmak, klasik \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famal\u0131 y\u00f6ntemle (ileri \u2013 geri \u2013 ileri). Burada en \u00e7ok puan kayb\u0131na neden olan hata \u015fudur: Mesele <strong>manevralar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fil<\/strong> \u2013 Trafi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemleyerek yap\u0131lan be\u015f d\u00fczg\u00fcn manevra, g\u00f6zlem yapmadan yap\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 tela\u015fl\u0131 manevradan daha iyidir. De\u011ferlendirme, her y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden \u00f6nce her iki y\u00f6ndeki trafi\u011fi kontrol edip etmedi\u011fin ve arac\u0131 her an kontroll\u00fc bir \u015fekilde hareket ettirip ettirmedi\u011fine g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131r. Zaman bask\u0131s\u0131 sadece kafan\u0131n i\u00e7inde vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"abschnitt-5\">Acil frenleme: bir kez ger\u00e7ekten g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde fren yapmak<\/h2>\n<p>En az <strong>30 km\/h<\/strong> h\u0131zdan, s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f e\u011fitmeninin talimat\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca h\u0131zl\u0131 ve kuvvetli fren yaparak dur. Buradaki tipik bir hata \u2013 s\u00fcrpriz \u2013 <strong>frenleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda fazla teredd\u00fct etme<\/strong>: Hafif bir \u201ckonforlu frenleme\u201d yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu g\u00f6rev acil bir durumu sim\u00fcle eder. Yani: fren pedal\u0131na tam bas (manuel vitesli ara\u00e7larda motorun stop etmemesi i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 anda debriyaja da bas), direksiyonu s\u0131k\u0131 tut, g\u00f6zlerini d\u00fcmd\u00fcz ileriye dik. Modern s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc kursu ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda ABS bulunur \u2013 ara\u00e7 maksimum frenleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda bile y\u00f6nlendirilebilir kal\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 h\u0131z\u0131, stop eden bir motor ve s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f \u00e7izgisinden belirgin bir sapma da hata say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"fp-rg-bild\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-gefahrbremsung-1024x572.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-gefahrbremsung-768x429.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-gefahrbremsung-1024x572.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-gefahrbremsung.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 820px) 100vw, 780px\" width=\"1024\" height=\"572\" alt=\"Ehliyet aday\u0131 acil fren s\u0131ras\u0131nda sert frenliyor, yan\u0131nda emniyet kemeri tak\u0131l\u0131 kad\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f e\u011fitmeni oturuyor\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>Acil frende en az 30 km\/s h\u0131zdan ara\u00e7 tamamen durana kadar olabildi\u011fince sert frenlersin.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"abschnitt-6\">Temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri s\u0131navda ne zaman \u00e7\u0131kar?<\/h2>\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn aksine, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta sabit bir \u201etemel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri blo\u011fu\u201c yoktur: S\u0131nav g\u00f6revlisi g\u00f6revleri olu\u015fturur <strong>s\u0131nav s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne<\/strong>, uygun oldu\u011fu yerlerde \u2013 yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgesinde uygun bir park bo\u015flu\u011funa park etme, sakin ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 iyi bir caddede acil fren yapma, uygun bir yan sokakta geri manevra yapma. Her g\u00f6rev a\u00e7\u0131k ve zaman\u0131nda duyurulur (\u201eMavi arac\u0131n arkas\u0131na geriye do\u011fru park edin\u201c) ve ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce durumu k\u0131saca inceleyebilirsin. Bu entegrasyonun iyi yan\u0131: Kendi kafan\u0131zda canland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z senaryolardaki gibi bir g\u00f6steri gibi hissettirmiyor \u2013 siz sadece s\u00fcr\u00fcyorsunuz ve arada bir manevra g\u00f6revi geliyor.<\/p>\n<p class=\"fp-rg-hinweis\">Bu arada: O korkulan <strong>Yoku\u015fta kalk\u0131\u015f<\/strong> Bu, ayr\u0131 bir temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revi de\u011fildir \u2013 normal s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131karsa de\u011ferlendirmeye dahil edilir. Bu durumda el frenini kullanmak izin verilen bir tekniktir; k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli ve g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde durdurulan geri kayma, ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k nedeni say\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"abschnitt-7\">Temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revlerini b\u00f6yle do\u011fru \u015fekilde pratik yapars\u0131n<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"fp-rg-check\">\n<li><strong>Duygu yerine referans noktalar\u0131:<\/strong> S\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f okulu arabas\u0131ndaki her bir referans noktas\u0131n\u0131 sana g\u00f6stermelerini iste ve i\u015flemleri y\u00fcksek sesle tekrar et \u2013 a\u00e7\u0131klayabildi\u011fin \u015feyleri, uygulayabilirsin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00d6nce sakin, sonra ger\u00e7ek:<\/strong> G\u00f6revler \u00f6nce sakin bir ortamda olu\u015fturulur ve ard\u0131ndan tam da s\u0131nav\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer olan ger\u00e7ek park yerlerine ve sokaklara ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u0131k\u0131lana kadar tekrarla:<\/strong> Bir temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revi, ba\u015far\u0131p ba\u015faramayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmene gerek kalmadan, sadece ne kadar temiz yapaca\u011f\u0131na odaklanarak arka arkaya birka\u00e7 kez ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011finde oturmu\u015f demektir. Buradaki can s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, s\u0131nav heyecan\u0131n\u0131 atlatan kalite m\u00fchr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trafik g\u00f6zlemini otomatize edin:<\/strong> Her manevradan \u00f6nce omuz kontrol\u00fc ve \u00e7evre kontrol\u00fc \u2013 s\u0131navda do\u011fal olmas\u0131 (ve s\u0131nav g\u00f6revlisinin bunu g\u00f6rmesi) i\u00e7in al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmada abart\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde belirgin yap.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"fp-rg-bild\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-referenzpunkt-spiegel-1024x572.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-referenzpunkt-spiegel-768x429.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-referenzpunkt-spiegel-1024x572.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/grundfahraufgaben-referenzpunkt-spiegel.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 820px) 100vw, 780px\" width=\"1024\" height=\"572\" alt=\"S\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f e\u011fitmeni bo\u015f bir otoparkta ehliyet aday\u0131 gen\u00e7 kad\u0131na d\u0131\u015f aynadaki bir referans noktas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc kursu arac\u0131ndaki her referans noktas\u0131n\u0131 sana g\u00f6stermelerini iste: his yerine referans noktalar\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"checkliste\">De\u011ferlendirme kontrol listesi: S\u0131nav g\u00f6revlisinin her g\u00f6revde dikkat ettikleri<\/h2>\n<p>Kriterler resmi s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri katalo\u011funda yer al\u0131r ve yaln\u0131zca burada alt\u0131nda yazd\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6rev i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. D\u00fczeltme hamlesi, g\u00f6revin y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn tersine yap\u0131lan her harekettir; \u00f6rne\u011fin geri geri park ederken k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre ileri \u00e7ekmek.<\/p>\n<h3>Geri geri sa\u011fa k\u00f6\u015fe d\u00f6nme<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"fp-rg-check\">\n<li>g\u00f6revden \u00f6nce ve g\u00f6rev s\u0131ras\u0131nda trafi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlemek, k\u00f6r noktay\u0131 da<\/li>\n<li>m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca dar bir yay \u00e7izmek ve sa\u011fdan gitme kural\u0131na uymak<\/li>\n<li>kald\u0131r\u0131ma \u00e7\u0131kmamak<\/li>\n<li>geri geri ve kald\u0131r\u0131ma yakla\u015f\u0131k paralel durmak<\/li>\n<li>en fazla iki d\u00fczeltme hamlesi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Geri geri paralel park etme<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"fp-rg-check\">\n<li>g\u00f6revden \u00f6nce ve g\u00f6rev s\u0131ras\u0131nda trafi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlemek, k\u00f6r noktay\u0131 da<\/li>\n<li>yakla\u015f\u0131k 8 m uzunlu\u011fundaki bir bo\u015flu\u011fa girmek veya yakla\u015f\u0131k 8 m i\u00e7inde geri geri yol kenar\u0131na yana\u015fmak<\/li>\n<li>kald\u0131r\u0131ma \u00e7\u0131kmamak ve yakla\u015f\u0131k paralel durmak<\/li>\n<li>kald\u0131r\u0131ma en fazla 30 cm mesafe<\/li>\n<li>en fazla iki d\u00fczeltme hamlesi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Dik veya \u00e7apraz park etme<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"fp-rg-check\">\n<li>g\u00f6revden \u00f6nce ve g\u00f6rev s\u0131ras\u0131nda trafi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlemek, k\u00f6r noktay\u0131 da<\/li>\n<li>ileri veya geri park ederek arac\u0131n i\u015faretli alan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ta\u015fmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak<\/li>\n<li>park h\u00e2lindeki ara\u00e7larla yanlarda yeterli mesafe b\u0131rakmak<\/li>\n<li>en fazla iki d\u00fczeltme hamlesi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Geri d\u00f6nme<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"fp-rg-check\">\n<li>g\u00f6revden \u00f6nce ve g\u00f6rev s\u0131ras\u0131nda trafi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlemek, k\u00f6r noktay\u0131 da<\/li>\n<li>yeri ve y\u00f6ntemi kendin se\u00e7mek, \u00f6rne\u011fin bir otopark, bir yol a\u011fz\u0131 veya bir giri\u015f<\/li>\n<li>sa\u011fdan gitme kural\u0131ndan izin verilmeyen \u015fekilde sapmamak<\/li>\n<li>hamle say\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r yok<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Acil frenleme<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"fp-rg-check\">\n<li>s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc e\u011fitmeninin talimat\u0131yla en az 30 km\/s h\u0131zdan fren yapmak<\/li>\n<li>frene aniden basmak ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en y\u00fcksek yava\u015flamayla tamamen durana kadar fren yapmak<\/li>\n<li>\u015feridini korumak<\/li>\n<li>motoru stop ettirmemek<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6ncesinde arkana bakman gerekmez: Kimsenin tehlikeye girmemesini s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc e\u011fitmeni sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bir g\u00f6rev olmazsa onu bir kez tekrarlayabilirsin. Tekrar da hatas\u0131z olmazsa, bir ki\u015fiye, bir araca veya bir nesneye \u00e7arparsan ya da trafi\u011fi tehlikeye yol a\u00e7acak kadar yetersiz g\u00f6zlemlersen s\u0131nav\u0131 ge\u00e7emezsin.<\/p>\n<p class=\"fp-rg-meta\">Dayanak: \u201cB s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri\u201d s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri katalo\u011fu (Verkehrsblatt belgesi S 3210, s\u00fcr\u00fcm 01\/21) ve pratik s\u0131nav y\u00f6nergesi, No. 2.3.2 (01.01.2021 itibar\u0131yla).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"abschnitt-8\">En yayg\u0131n hatalar ve bunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00c7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 manevra yapmak:<\/strong> Neredeyse t\u00fcm park etme sorunlar\u0131 h\u0131zdan kaynaklan\u0131r. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm: Kavramay\u0131 kavrama noktas\u0131nda tutmak veya s\u00fcr\u00fcngen vites kullanmak, gerekirse durmak ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek \u2013 durmak yasak de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yola de\u011fil engele odaklanmak:<\/strong> Kald\u0131r\u0131ma bakan, ona \u00e7arpar. Araban\u0131n gitmesi gerekti\u011fi yere bak.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trafik g\u00f6zlemini unutmak:<\/strong> ger\u00e7ek de\u011ferlendirme \u00f6z\u00fc \u2013 ihtiyat olmaks\u0131z\u0131n teknik ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir g\u00f6revdir, d\u00fczeltme hamleli ihtiyat ise ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir g\u00f6revdir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bir hatadan sonra vazge\u00e7mek:<\/strong> Her g\u00f6rev ba\u015f\u0131na bir tekrar hakk\u0131n var \u2013 i\u00e7inden hesap yapmak yerine, bunu sakin ve odaklanm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde kullan. De\u011ferlendirme sisteminin genel olarak nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 rehberde okuyabilirsin. <a href=\"\/tr\/blog\/praktische-pruefung-tipps\/\">Uygulamal\u0131 s\u0131navdaki hatalar<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"abschnitt-9\">Temel S\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f G\u00f6revleri Hakk\u0131nda S\u0131k Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<div class=\"fp-rg-faq\">\n<h3>S\u0131nav\u0131mda hangi g\u00f6revler \/ sorular \u00e7\u0131kacak?<\/h3>\n<p>Buna s\u0131nav g\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0131nav g\u00f6revlisi karar verir \u2013 bu nedenle iyi bir e\u011fitimde t\u00fcm varyantlar \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Kesin olan yaln\u0131zca \u015fema: geri s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f grubundan bir g\u00f6rev (geri geri k\u00f6\u015fe d\u00f6nme veya geri geri paralel park) ve kalan \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6revden iki g\u00f6rev (dik veya e\u011fik park, geri d\u00f6nme, acil frenleme). Acil frenleme d\u00fczenli olarak \u00e7\u0131kar, ama her s\u0131navda de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<h3>Geri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f kameras\u0131 ve park sens\u00f6r\u00fc kullanabilir miyim?<\/h3>\n<p>S\u0131nav arac\u0131n\u0131n destek sistemleri prensip olarak kullan\u0131labilir \u2013 ancak bunlar \u00e7evreyi \u00e7evresel olarak g\u00f6zlemlemenin yerini tutmaz: S\u0131nav yap\u0131c\u0131, sadece ekrana bak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil; omuz bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve ayna kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek ister. Bunun somut s\u0131nav arac\u0131nda nas\u0131l ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 en iyisi s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f e\u011fitmeninizle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz.<\/p>\n<h3>Bir g\u00f6revi ka\u00e7 kez tekrarlayabilirim?<\/h3>\n<p>Her temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revi bir kez tekrarlanabilir. \u0130kinci denemede de hatas\u0131z ba\u015faramazsan s\u0131nav\u0131 ge\u00e7emezsin \u2013 ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, bu s\u0131rada bir ki\u015fiye, bir araca veya bir nesneye \u00e7arparsan da.<\/p>\n<h3>Park ederken bir zaman s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 var m\u0131?<\/h3>\n<p>Hay\u0131r. Y\u00fcr\u00fcme h\u0131z\u0131 ve sakin, kontroll\u00fc manevra yap\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a istenmektedir; acelecilik hatad\u0131r, yava\u015fl\u0131k de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fp-rg-weiter\">\n<h2>Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/tr\/blog\/erste-fahrstunde\/\">\u0130lk s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f dersi: Ger\u00e7ekte b\u00f6yle ge\u00e7er<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/tr\/blog\/wie-viele-fahrstunden\/\">Ger\u00e7ekten ka\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f dersine ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z var?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/tr\/blog\/angst-in-der-fahrschule\/\">S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc Kursu Korkusu: \u0130lk Dersten Tek Ba\u015f\u0131na S\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fe Kadar Ger\u00e7ekten Ne Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Olur?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"abschnitt-10\">Sonu\u00e7: T\u00fcm s\u0131nav\u0131n en \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir k\u0131sm\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Sabit g\u00f6revler, net kriterler, bir serbest tekrar hakk\u0131 \u2013 temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revleri bir \u015fans oyunu de\u011fil, bir zanaatt\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131 referans noktalar\u0131yla \u00f6\u011frenen ve s\u0131k\u0131lana kadar pratik yapan ki\u015fi, s\u0131nav\u0131n en zor hissedilen k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n etkisini ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. S\u0131nav g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn geri kalan\u0131n\u0131 ise \u015fu rehber anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r k\u0131l\u0131yor: <a href=\"\/tr\/blog\/praktische-pruefung-tipps\/\">Pratik S\u0131nav: Ge\u00e7mek \u0130\u00e7in \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Temel s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6revlerinin genel ak\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde nerede yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir <a href=\"\/tr\/ablauf\/\">Ehliyetini b\u00f6yle al\u0131rs\u0131n<\/a>. <a href=\"\/tr\/klasse-b\/\">B s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ehliyet e\u011fitimi hakk\u0131nda her \u015fey.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ratgeber \u00b7 Grundfahraufgaben Welche Grundfahraufgaben kommen in der Pr\u00fcfung der Klasse B dran, wie werden sie bewertet und wie \u00fcbst du sie richtig? Einparken vor Publikum, Wenden in einer engen Stra\u00dfe, eine Vollbremsung auf Ansage \u2013 die Grundfahraufgaben sind der Teil der praktischen Pr\u00fcfung, der sich am meisten nach \u201eVorf\u00fchrung&#8220; anf\u00fchlt. Dabei sind sie der [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":1018,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=148"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1049,"href":"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148\/revisions\/1049"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1018"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fahrschule-fahrplan.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=148"}],"curies":[{"name":"Naber","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}